Monsanto appears as an architectural marvel—houses built between granite boulders the size of buildings. This village earned its title "most Portuguese" by preserving building techniques unchanged since Celtic times. We begin with a 4-5 km mountain loop above the village, where ancient paths lead to panoramic viewpoints. Glacial action scattered these massive stones across the landscape millions of years ago.
The village itself becomes our outdoor museum as we wind between houses where granite boulders serve as walls, roofs, and even tables. Medieval castle ruins crown the highest outcrop, where Christian forces once maintained vigilance against Moorish raids.
After lunch we follow a section of the GR22 trail toward Idanha-a-Velha, walking Roman roads through countryside dotted with abandoned windmills. Idanha-a-Velha reveals layers of history—Roman temples, Visigothic churches, and medieval fortifications occupy the same ground. This UNESCO site served as a Roman municipal capital, then a Templar stronghold, before plague and war reduced it to today's hamlet of 50 residents.
We end our day in Guarda, Portugal's highest city at 1056 m (3,465 ft)elevation, known as the "City of Four F's"—Fria, Farta, Forte e Feia (Cold, Abundant, Strong, and Ugly).
Hike Summary (Monsanto): 2-3 hours, 4-5 km/2.5-3 mi. Moderate with 200 m/656 ft elevation gain. Rocky granite paths with some scrambling. Can be shortened to village exploration. R22: 1-2 hours, 3-6 km/1.9-3.7 mi. Gentle countryside with minimal elevation change. Dirt tracks and Roman stone sections.
Overnight in Guarda.
 
Included Meal(s): Breakfast and Dinner